What are the various kinds of financial ratios?

There are many financial ratios. Some of the better known include:

Liquidity Ratios: Liquidity ratio measures the ability of a firm to meet its current obligations. Liquidity ratios by establishing a relationship between cash and other current assets to current obligations give measure of liquidity.e.g. Current ratio [CR] = Current Assets/Current liabilities.A high CR ratio (>2.5) indicates that a company can meets its short term liabilities.

Leverage Ratios: Leverage ratio indicates the proportion of debt and equity in financing the firm's assets. They indicate the funds provided by owners and lenders.e.g -----Debt-equity ratio (D-E ratio) total long term debt/net worth.A high D-E ratio indicates that the company's credit profile is bad.

Activity Ratios: Activity ratios are employed to evaluate the efficiency with which firms manage and run their assets. They are also called turnover ratios.e.g-- Sales Turnover ratio = sales/total assets .A Sales Turnover ratio indicates how much business a company generates for every additional rupee invested.

Profitability Ratios: These ratios indicate the level of profitability of the business with relation to the inputs or capital employed. Some better-known profit ratios include operating profit margin (OPM). Operating profit margin is a measure of the company's efficiency, either in isolation or in comparison to its peers.

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